This episode of Ten Minute History (like a documentary, only shorter) covers the beginnings of the Portuguese and Spanish Empires all the way to the Iberian Union under Philip II. The first part deals with the reasons for and origins of exploration and conquest. The second part covers the Spanish conquest of the Aztec and Incan Empires. The third part deals with the Portuguese expansion into Asia and its conquests in India. Finally the episode looks at what the effects of empire were and how Iberian Union changed Portugal.