In lecture four, Dr. Biggar argues that the British Empire's policies toward native peoples in Canada, Australia, and other colonies were driven by a belief in the fundamental equality of all races and a desire to assimilate and "save" these populations through cultural adaptation to the modern world. While acknowledging the failings and suffering caused by residential schools, Dr. Biggar maintains that their intention was not to destroy native cultures but to enable them to survive and flourish. Dr. Biggar strongly rejects the characterization of these policies as "cultural genocide", emphasizing the critical distinction between forced assimilation and the deliberate mass murder epitomized by the Nazi Holocaust.