In March 2025, with US military aid and intelligence frozen on orders by President Trump, Ukraine continued to lose territory in Kursk. In Turkiye, the PKK, a Kurdish militant organization, called a ceasefire with the Turkish government after decades of conflict. In Syria, in the wake of the toppled Assad government, new clashes erupted between new government forces and the Assad-loyalist Alawite community, killing over 1,300 over 3 days. Gaza’s future continued to hang in the balance as the Arab League proposed a postwar plan for the territory, including the removal of Hamas, and an ultimate state merged with the West Bank — which neither Israel nor Hamas publicly accepted.